242 lines
9.9 KiB
Markdown
242 lines
9.9 KiB
Markdown
# Hyperopt
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This page explains how to tune your strategy by finding the optimal
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parameters, a process called hyperparameter optimization. The bot uses several
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algorithms included in the `scikit-optimize` package to accomplish this. The
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search will burn all your CPU cores, make your laptop sound like a fighter jet
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and still take a long time.
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*Note:* Hyperopt will crash when used with only 1 CPU Core as found out in [Issue #1133](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/issues/1133)
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## Table of Contents
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- [Prepare your Hyperopt](#prepare-hyperopt)
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- [Configure your Guards and Triggers](#configure-your-guards-and-triggers)
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- [Solving a Mystery](#solving-a-mystery)
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- [Adding New Indicators](#adding-new-indicators)
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- [Execute Hyperopt](#execute-hyperopt)
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- [Understand the hyperopt result](#understand-the-hyperopt-result)
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## Prepare Hyperopting
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We recommend you start by taking a look at `hyperopt.py` file located in [freqtrade/optimize](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/blob/develop/freqtrade/optimize/hyperopt.py)
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### Configure your Guards and Triggers
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There are two places you need to change to add a new buy strategy for testing:
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- Inside [populate_buy_trend()](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/blob/develop/freqtrade/optimize/hyperopt.py#L231-L264).
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- Inside [hyperopt_space()](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/blob/develop/freqtrade/optimize/hyperopt.py#L213-L224)
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and the associated methods `indicator_space`, `roi_space`, `stoploss_space`.
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There you have two different type of indicators: 1. `guards` and 2. `triggers`.
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1. Guards are conditions like "never buy if ADX < 10", or "never buy if
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current price is over EMA10".
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2. Triggers are ones that actually trigger buy in specific moment, like
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"buy when EMA5 crosses over EMA10" or "buy when close price touches lower
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bollinger band".
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Hyperoptimization will, for each eval round, pick one trigger and possibly
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multiple guards. The constructed strategy will be something like
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"*buy exactly when close price touches lower bollinger band, BUT only if
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ADX > 10*".
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If you have updated the buy strategy, ie. changed the contents of
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`populate_buy_trend()` method you have to update the `guards` and
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`triggers` hyperopts must use.
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## Solving a Mystery
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Let's say you are curious: should you use MACD crossings or lower Bollinger
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Bands to trigger your buys. And you also wonder should you use RSI or ADX to
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help with those buy decisions. If you decide to use RSI or ADX, which values
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should I use for them? So let's use hyperparameter optimization to solve this
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mystery.
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We will start by defining a search space:
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```
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def indicator_space() -> List[Dimension]:
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"""
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Define your Hyperopt space for searching strategy parameters
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"""
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return [
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Integer(20, 40, name='adx-value'),
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Integer(20, 40, name='rsi-value'),
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Categorical([True, False], name='adx-enabled'),
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Categorical([True, False], name='rsi-enabled'),
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Categorical(['bb_lower', 'macd_cross_signal'], name='trigger')
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]
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```
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Above definition says: I have five parameters I want you to randomly combine
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to find the best combination. Two of them are integer values (`adx-value`
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and `rsi-value`) and I want you test in the range of values 20 to 40.
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Then we have three category variables. First two are either `True` or `False`.
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We use these to either enable or disable the ADX and RSI guards. The last
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one we call `trigger` and use it to decide which buy trigger we want to use.
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So let's write the buy strategy using these values:
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```
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def populate_buy_trend(dataframe: DataFrame) -> DataFrame:
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conditions = []
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# GUARDS AND TRENDS
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if 'adx-enabled' in params and params['adx-enabled']:
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conditions.append(dataframe['adx'] > params['adx-value'])
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if 'rsi-enabled' in params and params['rsi-enabled']:
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conditions.append(dataframe['rsi'] < params['rsi-value'])
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# TRIGGERS
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if params['trigger'] == 'bb_lower':
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conditions.append(dataframe['close'] < dataframe['bb_lowerband'])
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if params['trigger'] == 'macd_cross_signal':
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conditions.append(qtpylib.crossed_above(
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dataframe['macd'], dataframe['macdsignal']
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))
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dataframe.loc[
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reduce(lambda x, y: x & y, conditions),
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'buy'] = 1
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return dataframe
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return populate_buy_trend
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```
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Hyperopting will now call this `populate_buy_trend` as many times you ask it (`epochs`)
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with different value combinations. It will then use the given historical data and make
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buys based on the buy signals generated with the above function and based on the results
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it will end with telling you which paramter combination produced the best profits.
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The search for best parameters starts with a few random combinations and then uses a
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regressor algorithm (currently ExtraTreesRegressor) to quickly find a parameter combination
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that minimizes the value of the objective function `calculate_loss` in `hyperopt.py`.
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The above setup expects to find ADX, RSI and Bollinger Bands in the populated indicators.
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When you want to test an indicator that isn't used by the bot currently, remember to
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add it to the `populate_indicators()` method in `hyperopt.py`.
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## Execute Hyperopt
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Once you have updated your hyperopt configuration you can run it.
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Because hyperopt tries a lot of combinations to find the best parameters it will take time you will have the result (more than 30 mins).
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We strongly recommend to use `screen` or `tmux` to prevent any connection loss.
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```bash
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python3 ./freqtrade/main.py -c config.json hyperopt -e 5000
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```
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The `-e` flag will set how many evaluations hyperopt will do. We recommend
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running at least several thousand evaluations.
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### Execute Hyperopt with Different Ticker-Data Source
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If you would like to hyperopt parameters using an alternate ticker data that
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you have on-disk, use the `--datadir PATH` option. Default hyperopt will
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use data from directory `user_data/data`.
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### Running Hyperopt with Smaller Testset
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Use the `--timerange` argument to change how much of the testset
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you want to use. The last N ticks/timeframes will be used.
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Example:
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```bash
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python3 ./freqtrade/main.py hyperopt --timerange -200
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```
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### Running Hyperopt with Smaller Search Space
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Use the `--spaces` argument to limit the search space used by hyperopt.
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Letting Hyperopt optimize everything is a huuuuge search space. Often it
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might make more sense to start by just searching for initial buy algorithm.
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Or maybe you just want to optimize your stoploss or roi table for that awesome
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new buy strategy you have.
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Legal values are:
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- `all`: optimize everything
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- `buy`: just search for a new buy strategy
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- `roi`: just optimize the minimal profit table for your strategy
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- `stoploss`: search for the best stoploss value
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- space-separated list of any of the above values for example `--spaces roi stoploss`
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## Understand the Hyperopt Result
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Once Hyperopt is completed you can use the result to create a new strategy.
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Given the following result from hyperopt:
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```
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Best result:
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135 trades. Avg profit 0.57%. Total profit 0.03871918 BTC (0.7722Σ%). Avg duration 180.4 mins.
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with values:
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{'adx-value': 44, 'rsi-value': 29, 'adx-enabled': False, 'rsi-enabled': True, 'trigger': 'bb_lower'}
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```
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You should understand this result like:
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- The buy trigger that worked best was `bb_lower`.
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- You should not use ADX because `adx-enabled: False`)
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- You should **consider** using the RSI indicator (`rsi-enabled: True` and the best value is `29.0` (`rsi-value: 29.0`)
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You have to look inside your strategy file into `buy_strategy_generator()`
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method, what those values match to.
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So for example you had `rsi-value: 29.0` so we would look at `rsi`-block, that translates to the following code block:
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```
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(dataframe['rsi'] < 29.0)
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```
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Translating your whole hyperopt result as the new buy-signal
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would then look like:
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```python
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def populate_buy_trend(self, dataframe: DataFrame) -> DataFrame:
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dataframe.loc[
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(
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(dataframe['rsi'] < 29.0) & # rsi-value
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dataframe['close'] < dataframe['bb_lowerband'] # trigger
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),
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'buy'] = 1
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return dataframe
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```
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### Understand Hyperopt ROI results
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If you are optimizing ROI, you're result will look as follows and include a ROI table.
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```
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Best result:
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135 trades. Avg profit 0.57%. Total profit 0.03871918 BTC (0.7722Σ%). Avg duration 180.4 mins.
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with values:
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{'adx-value': 44, 'rsi-value': 29, 'adx-enabled': False, 'rsi-enabled': True, 'trigger': 'bb_lower', 'roi_t1': 40, 'roi_t2': 57, 'roi_t3': 21, 'roi_p1': 0.03634636907306948, 'roi_p2': 0.055237357937802885, 'roi_p3': 0.015163796015548354, 'stoploss': -0.37996664668703606}
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ROI table:
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{0: 0.10674752302642071, 21: 0.09158372701087236, 78: 0.03634636907306948, 118: 0}
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```
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This would translate to the following ROI table:
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``` python
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minimal_roi = {
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"118": 0,
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"78": 0.0363463,
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"21": 0.0915,
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"0": 0.106
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}
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```
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### Validate backtest result
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Once the optimized strategy has been implemented into your strategy, you should backtest this strategy to make sure everything is working as expected.
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To archive the same results (number of trades, ...) than during hyperopt, please use the command line flag `--disable-max-market-positions`.
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This setting is the default for hyperopt for speed reasons. You can overwrite this in the configuration by setting `"position_stacking"=false` or by changing the relevant line in your hyperopt file [here](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/blob/develop/freqtrade/optimize/hyperopt.py#L283).
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Dry/live runs will **NOT** use position stacking - therefore it does make sense to also validate the strategy without this as it's closer to reality.
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## Next Step
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Now you have a perfect bot and want to control it from Telegram. Your
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next step is to learn the [Telegram usage](https://github.com/freqtrade/freqtrade/blob/develop/docs/telegram-usage.md).
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