stable/docs/includes/pairlists.md

Pairlists and Pairlist Handlers

Pairlist Handlers define the list of pairs (pairlist) that the bot should trade. They are configured in the pairlists section of the configuration settings.

In your configuration, you can use Static Pairlist (defined by the StaticPairList Pairlist Handler) and Dynamic Pairlist (defined by the VolumePairList Pairlist Handler).

Additionally, AgeFilter, PrecisionFilter, PriceFilter, ShuffleFilter, SpreadFilter and VolatilityFilter act as Pairlist Filters, removing certain pairs and/or moving their positions in the pairlist.

If multiple Pairlist Handlers are used, they are chained and a combination of all Pairlist Handlers forms the resulting pairlist the bot uses for trading and backtesting. Pairlist Handlers are executed in the sequence they are configured. You should always configure either StaticPairList or VolumePairList as the starting Pairlist Handler.

Inactive markets are always removed from the resulting pairlist. Explicitly blacklisted pairs (those in the pair_blacklist configuration setting) are also always removed from the resulting pairlist.

Pair blacklist

The pair blacklist (configured via exchange.pair_blacklist in the configuration) disallows certain pairs from trading. This can be as simple as excluding DOGE/BTC - which will remove exactly this pair.

The pair-blacklist does also support wildcards (in regex-style) - so BNB/.* will exclude ALL pairs that start with BNB. You may also use something like .*DOWN/BTC or .*UP/BTC to exclude leveraged tokens (check Pair naming conventions for your exchange!)

Available Pairlist Handlers

• StaticPairList (default, if not configured differently)
• VolumePairList
• AgeFilter
• PerformanceFilter
• PrecisionFilter
• PriceFilter
• ShuffleFilter
• SpreadFilter
• RangeStabilityFilter
• VolatilityFilter

!!! Tip "Testing pairlists" Pairlist configurations can be quite tricky to get right. Best use the test-pairlist utility sub-command to test your configuration quickly.

Static Pair List

By default, the StaticPairList method is used, which uses a statically defined pair whitelist from the configuration. The pairlist also supports wildcards (in regex-style) - so .*/BTC will include all pairs with BTC as a stake.

It uses configuration from exchange.pair_whitelist and exchange.pair_blacklist.

"pairlists": [
    {"method": "StaticPairList"}
    ],

By default, only currently enabled pairs are allowed. To skip pair validation against active markets, set "allow_inactive": true within the StaticPairList configuration. This can be useful for backtesting expired pairs (like quarterly spot-markets). This option must be configured along with exchange.skip_pair_validation in the exchange configuration.

Volume Pair List

VolumePairList employs sorting/filtering of pairs by their trading volume. It selects number_assets top pairs with sorting based on the sort_key (which can only be quoteVolume).

When used in the chain of Pairlist Handlers in a non-leading position (after StaticPairList and other Pairlist Filters), VolumePairList considers outputs of previous Pairlist Handlers, adding its sorting/selection of the pairs by the trading volume.

When used on the leading position of the chain of Pairlist Handlers, it does not consider pair_whitelist configuration setting, but selects the top assets from all available markets (with matching stake-currency) on the exchange.

The refresh_period setting allows to define the period (in seconds), at which the pairlist will be refreshed. Defaults to 1800s (30 minutes). The pairlist cache (refresh_period) on VolumePairList is only applicable to generating pairlists. Filtering instances (not the first position in the list) will not apply any cache and will always use up-to-date data.

VolumePairList is based on the ticker data from exchange, as reported by the ccxt library:

• The quoteVolume is the amount of quote (stake) currency traded (bought or sold) in last 24 hours.

"pairlists": [{
        "method": "VolumePairList",
        "number_assets": 20,
        "sort_key": "quoteVolume",
        "refresh_period": 1800
}],

!!! Note VolumePairList does not support backtesting mode.

AgeFilter

Removes pairs that have been listed on the exchange for less than min_days_listed days (defaults to 10).

When pairs are first listed on an exchange they can suffer huge price drops and volatility in the first few days while the pair goes through its price-discovery period. Bots can often be caught out buying before the pair has finished dropping in price.

This filter allows freqtrade to ignore pairs until they have been listed for at least min_days_listed days.

PerformanceFilter

Sorts pairs by past trade performance, as follows:

1. Positive performance.
2. No closed trades yet.
3. Negative performance.

Trade count is used as a tie breaker.

!!! Note PerformanceFilter does not support backtesting mode.

PrecisionFilter

Filters low-value coins which would not allow setting stoplosses.

PriceFilter

The PriceFilter allows filtering of pairs by price. Currently the following price filters are supported:

• min_price
• max_price
• max_value
• low_price_ratio

The min_price setting removes pairs where the price is below the specified price. This is useful if you wish to avoid trading very low-priced pairs. This option is disabled by default, and will only apply if set to > 0.

The max_price setting removes pairs where the price is above the specified price. This is useful if you wish to trade only low-priced pairs. This option is disabled by default, and will only apply if set to > 0.

The max_value setting removes pairs where the minimum value change is above a specified value. This is useful when an exchange has unbalanced limits. For example, if step-size = 1 (so you can only buy 1, or 2, or 3, but not 1.1 Coins) - and the price is pretty high (like 20$) as the coin has risen sharply since the last limit adaption. As a result of the above, you can only buy for 20$, or 40$ - but not for 25$. On exchanges that deduct fees from the receiving currency (e.g. FTX) - this can result in high value coins / amounts that are unsellable as the amount is slightly below the limit.

The low_price_ratio setting removes pairs where a raise of 1 price unit (pip) is above the low_price_ratio ratio. This option is disabled by default, and will only apply if set to > 0.

For PriceFiler at least one of its min_price, max_price or low_price_ratio settings must be applied.

Calculation example:

Min price precision for SHITCOIN/BTC is 8 decimals. If its price is 0.00000011 - one price step above would be 0.00000012, which is ~9% higher than the previous price value. You may filter out this pair by using PriceFilter with low_price_ratio set to 0.09 (9%) or with min_price set to 0.00000011, correspondingly.

!!! Warning "Low priced pairs" Low priced pairs with high "1 pip movements" are dangerous since they are often illiquid and it may also be impossible to place the desired stoploss, which can often result in high losses since price needs to be rounded to the next tradable price - so instead of having a stoploss of -5%, you could end up with a stoploss of -9% simply due to price rounding.

ShuffleFilter

Shuffles (randomizes) pairs in the pairlist. It can be used for preventing the bot from trading some of the pairs more frequently then others when you want all pairs be treated with the same priority.

!!! Tip You may set the seed value for this Pairlist to obtain reproducible results, which can be useful for repeated backtesting sessions. If seed is not set, the pairs are shuffled in the non-repeatable random order.

SpreadFilter

Removes pairs that have a difference between asks and bids above the specified ratio, max_spread_ratio (defaults to 0.005).

Example:

If DOGE/BTC maximum bid is 0.00000026 and minimum ask is 0.00000027, the ratio is calculated as: 1 - bid/ask ~= 0.037 which is > 0.005 and this pair will be filtered out.

RangeStabilityFilter

Removes pairs where the difference between lowest low and highest high over lookback_days days is below min_rate_of_change. Since this is a filter that requires additional data, the results are cached for refresh_period.

In the below example: If the trading range over the last 10 days is <1%, remove the pair from the whitelist.

"pairlists": [
    {
        "method": "RangeStabilityFilter",
        "lookback_days": 10,
        "min_rate_of_change": 0.01,
        "refresh_period": 1440
    }
]

!!! Tip This Filter can be used to automatically remove stable coin pairs, which have a very low trading range, and are therefore extremely difficult to trade with profit.

RangeStabilityFilterMax

Same function as RangeStabilityFilter but instead of a minimum value, it uses a maximum value for rate of change, i.e. max_rate_of_change as seen in the example below.

"pairlists": [
    {
        "method": "RangeStabilityFilterMax",
        "lookback_days": 10,
        "max_rate_of_change": 1.01,
        "refresh_period": 1440
    }
]

!!! Tip This Filter can be used to automatically remove pairs with extreme high/low variance over a given amount of time (lookback_days).

VolatilityFilter

Volatility is the degree of historical variation of a pairs over time, is is measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic daily returns. Returns are assumed to be normally distributed, although actual distribution might be different. In a normal distribution, 68% of observations fall within one standard deviation and 95% of observations fall within two standard deviations. Assuming a volatility of 0.05 means that the expected returns for 20 out of 30 days is expected to be less than 5% (one standard deviation). Volatility is a positive ratio of the expected deviation of return and can be greater than 1.00. Please refer to the wikipedia definition of volatility.

This filter removes pairs if the average volatility over a lookback_days days is below min_volatility or above max_volatility. Since this is a filter that requires additional data, the results are cached for refresh_period.

This filter can be used to narrow down your pairs to a certain volatility or avoid very volatile pairs.

In the below example: If the volatility over the last 10 days is not in the range of 0.05-0.50, remove the pair from the whitelist. The filter is applied every 24h.

"pairlists": [
    {
        "method": "VolatilityFilter",
        "lookback_days": 10,
        "min_volatility": 0.05,
        "max_volatility": 0.50,
        "refresh_period": 86400
    }
]

Full example of Pairlist Handlers

The below example blacklists BNB/BTC, uses VolumePairList with 20 assets, sorting pairs by quoteVolume and applies PrecisionFilter and PriceFilter, filtering all assets where 1 price unit is > 1%. Then the SpreadFilter and VolatilityFilter is applied and pairs are finally shuffled with the random seed set to some predefined value.

"exchange": {
    "pair_whitelist": [],
    "pair_blacklist": ["BNB/BTC"]
},
"pairlists": [
    {
        "method": "VolumePairList",
        "number_assets": 20,
        "sort_key": "quoteVolume"
    },
    {"method": "AgeFilter", "min_days_listed": 10},
    {"method": "PrecisionFilter"},
    {"method": "PriceFilter", "low_price_ratio": 0.01},
    {"method": "SpreadFilter", "max_spread_ratio": 0.005},
    {
        "method": "RangeStabilityFilter",
        "lookback_days": 10,
        "min_rate_of_change": 0.01,
        "refresh_period": 1440
    },
    {
        "method": "VolatilityFilter",
        "lookback_days": 10,
        "min_volatility": 0.05,
        "max_volatility": 0.50,
        "refresh_period": 86400
    },
    {"method": "ShuffleFilter", "seed": 42}
    ],