Remove backticks around FreqAI
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# Configuration
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`FreqAI` is configured through the typical [Freqtrade config file](configuration.md) and the standard [Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md). Examples of `FreqAI` config and strategy files can be found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json` and `freqtrade/templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`, respectively.
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FreqAI is configured through the typical [Freqtrade config file](configuration.md) and the standard [Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md). Examples of FreqAI config and strategy files can be found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json` and `freqtrade/templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`, respectively.
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## Setting up the configuration file
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Although there are plenty of additional parameters to choose from, as highlighted in the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md#parameter-table), a `FreqAI` config must at minimum include the following parameters (the parameter values are only examples):
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Although there are plenty of additional parameters to choose from, as highlighted in the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md#parameter-table), a FreqAI config must at minimum include the following parameters (the parameter values are only examples):
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```json
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"freqai": {
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A full example config is available in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`.
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## Building a `FreqAI` strategy
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## Building a FreqAI strategy
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The `FreqAI` strategy requires including the following lines of code in the standard [Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md):
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The FreqAI strategy requires including the following lines of code in the standard [Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md):
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```python
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# user should define the maximum startup candle count (the largest number of candles
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@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ Notice also the location of the labels under `if set_generalized_indicators:` at
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The `self.freqai.start()` function cannot be called outside the `populate_indicators()`.
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!!! Note
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Features **must** be defined in `populate_any_indicators()`. Defining `FreqAI` features in `populate_indicators()`
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Features **must** be defined in `populate_any_indicators()`. Defining FreqAI features in `populate_indicators()`
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will cause the algorithm to fail in live/dry mode. In order to add generalized features that are not associated with a specific pair or timeframe, the following structure inside `populate_any_indicators()` should be used
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(as exemplified in `freqtrade/templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`):
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@ -166,15 +166,15 @@ Below are the values you can expect to include/use inside a typical strategy dat
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| DataFrame Key | Description |
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|------------|-------------|
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| `df['&*']` | Any dataframe column prepended with `&` in `populate_any_indicators()` is treated as a training target (label) inside `FreqAI` (typically following the naming convention `&-s*`). For example, to predict the close price 40 candles into the future, you would set `df['&-s_close'] = df['close'].shift(-self.freqai_info["feature_parameters"]["label_period_candles"])` with `"label_period_candles": 40` in the config. `FreqAI` makes the predictions and gives them back under the same key (`df['&-s_close']`) to be used in `populate_entry/exit_trend()`. <br> **Datatype:** Depends on the output of the model.
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| `df['&*']` | Any dataframe column prepended with `&` in `populate_any_indicators()` is treated as a training target (label) inside FreqAI (typically following the naming convention `&-s*`). For example, to predict the close price 40 candles into the future, you would set `df['&-s_close'] = df['close'].shift(-self.freqai_info["feature_parameters"]["label_period_candles"])` with `"label_period_candles": 40` in the config. FreqAI makes the predictions and gives them back under the same key (`df['&-s_close']`) to be used in `populate_entry/exit_trend()`. <br> **Datatype:** Depends on the output of the model.
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| `df['&*_std/mean']` | Standard deviation and mean values of the defined labels during training (or live tracking with `fit_live_predictions_candles`). Commonly used to understand the rarity of a prediction (use the z-score as shown in `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py` and explained [here](#creating-a-dynamic-target-threshold) to evaluate how often a particular prediction was observed during training or historically with `fit_live_predictions_candles`). <br> **Datatype:** Float.
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| `df['do_predict']` | Indication of an outlier data point. The return value is integer between -2 and 2, which lets you know if the prediction is trustworthy or not. `do_predict==1` means that the prediction is trustworthy. If the Dissimilarity Index (DI, see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di)) of the input data point is above the threshold defined in the config, `FreqAI` will subtract 1 from `do_predict`, resulting in `do_predict==0`. If `use_SVM_to_remove_outliers()` is active, the Support Vector Machine (SVM, see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-using-a-support-vector-machine-svm)) may also detect outliers in training and prediction data. In this case, the SVM will also subtract 1 from `do_predict`. If the input data point was considered an outlier by the SVM but not by the DI, or vice versa, the result will be `do_predict==0`. If both the DI and the SVM considers the input data point to be an outlier, the result will be `do_predict==-1`. As with the SVM, if `use_DBSCAN_to_remove_outliers` is active, DBSCAN (see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-dbscan)) may also detect outliers and subtract 1 from `do_predict`. Hence, if both the SVM and DBSCAN are active and identify a datapoint that was above the DI threshold as an outlier, the result will be `do_predict==-2`. A particular case is when `do_predict == 2`, which means that the model has expired due to exceeding `expired_hours`. <br> **Datatype:** Integer between -2 and 2.
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| `df['DI_values']` | Dissimilarity Index (DI) values are proxies for the level of confidence `FreqAI` has in the prediction. A lower DI means the prediction is close to the training data, i.e., higher prediction confidence. See details about the DI [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di). <br> **Datatype:** Float.
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| `df['%*']` | Any dataframe column prepended with `%` in `populate_any_indicators()` is treated as a training feature. For example, you can include the RSI in the training feature set (similar to in `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`) by setting `df['%-rsi']`. See more details on how this is done [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md). <br> **Note:** Since the number of features prepended with `%` can multiply very quickly (10s of thousands of features are easily engineered using the multiplictative functionality of, e.g., `include_shifted_candles` and `include_timeframes` as described in the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md)), these features are removed from the dataframe that is returned from `FreqAI` to the strategy. To keep a particular type of feature for plotting purposes, you would prepend it with `%%`. <br> **Datatype:** Depends on the output of the model.
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| `df['do_predict']` | Indication of an outlier data point. The return value is integer between -2 and 2, which lets you know if the prediction is trustworthy or not. `do_predict==1` means that the prediction is trustworthy. If the Dissimilarity Index (DI, see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di)) of the input data point is above the threshold defined in the config, FreqAI will subtract 1 from `do_predict`, resulting in `do_predict==0`. If `use_SVM_to_remove_outliers()` is active, the Support Vector Machine (SVM, see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-using-a-support-vector-machine-svm)) may also detect outliers in training and prediction data. In this case, the SVM will also subtract 1 from `do_predict`. If the input data point was considered an outlier by the SVM but not by the DI, or vice versa, the result will be `do_predict==0`. If both the DI and the SVM considers the input data point to be an outlier, the result will be `do_predict==-1`. As with the SVM, if `use_DBSCAN_to_remove_outliers` is active, DBSCAN (see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-dbscan)) may also detect outliers and subtract 1 from `do_predict`. Hence, if both the SVM and DBSCAN are active and identify a datapoint that was above the DI threshold as an outlier, the result will be `do_predict==-2`. A particular case is when `do_predict == 2`, which means that the model has expired due to exceeding `expired_hours`. <br> **Datatype:** Integer between -2 and 2.
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| `df['DI_values']` | Dissimilarity Index (DI) values are proxies for the level of confidence FreqAI has in the prediction. A lower DI means the prediction is close to the training data, i.e., higher prediction confidence. See details about the DI [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di). <br> **Datatype:** Float.
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| `df['%*']` | Any dataframe column prepended with `%` in `populate_any_indicators()` is treated as a training feature. For example, you can include the RSI in the training feature set (similar to in `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`) by setting `df['%-rsi']`. See more details on how this is done [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md). <br> **Note:** Since the number of features prepended with `%` can multiply very quickly (10s of thousands of features are easily engineered using the multiplictative functionality of, e.g., `include_shifted_candles` and `include_timeframes` as described in the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md)), these features are removed from the dataframe that is returned from FreqAI to the strategy. To keep a particular type of feature for plotting purposes, you would prepend it with `%%`. <br> **Datatype:** Depends on the output of the model.
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## Setting the `startup_candle_count`
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The `startup_candle_count` in the `FreqAI` strategy needs to be set up in the same way as in the standard Freqtrade strategy (see details [here](strategy-customization.md#strategy-startup-period)). This value is used by Freqtrade to ensure that a sufficient amount of data is provided when calling the `dataprovider`, to avoid any NaNs at the beginning of the first training. You can easily set this value by identifying the longest period (in candle units) which is passed to the indicator creation functions (e.g., Ta-Lib functions). In the presented example, `startup_candle_count` is 20 since this is the maximum value in `indicators_periods_candles`.
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The `startup_candle_count` in the FreqAI strategy needs to be set up in the same way as in the standard Freqtrade strategy (see details [here](strategy-customization.md#strategy-startup-period)). This value is used by Freqtrade to ensure that a sufficient amount of data is provided when calling the `dataprovider`, to avoid any NaNs at the beginning of the first training. You can easily set this value by identifying the longest period (in candle units) which is passed to the indicator creation functions (e.g., Ta-Lib functions). In the presented example, `startup_candle_count` is 20 since this is the maximum value in `indicators_periods_candles`.
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!!! Note
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There are instances where the Ta-Lib functions actually require more data than just the passed `period` or else the feature dataset gets populated with NaNs. Anecdotally, multiplying the `startup_candle_count` by 2 always leads to a fully NaN free training dataset. Hence, it is typically safest to multiply the expected `startup_candle_count` by 2. Look out for this log message to confirm that the data is clean:
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@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ The `startup_candle_count` in the `FreqAI` strategy needs to be set up in the sa
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## Creating a dynamic target threshold
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Deciding when to enter or exit a trade can be done in a dynamic way to reflect current market conditions. `FreqAI` allows you to return additional information from the training of a model (more info [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#returning-additional-info-from-training)). For example, the `&*_std/mean` return values describe the statistical distribution of the target/label *during the most recent training*. Comparing a given prediction to these values allows you to know the rarity of the prediction. In `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`, the `target_roi` and `sell_roi` are defined to be 1.25 z-scores away from the mean which causes predictions that are closer to the mean to be filtered out.
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Deciding when to enter or exit a trade can be done in a dynamic way to reflect current market conditions. FreqAI allows you to return additional information from the training of a model (more info [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#returning-additional-info-from-training)). For example, the `&*_std/mean` return values describe the statistical distribution of the target/label *during the most recent training*. Comparing a given prediction to these values allows you to know the rarity of the prediction. In `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`, the `target_roi` and `sell_roi` are defined to be 1.25 z-scores away from the mean which causes predictions that are closer to the mean to be filtered out.
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```python
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dataframe["target_roi"] = dataframe["&-s_close_mean"] + dataframe["&-s_close_std"] * 1.25
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@ -200,15 +200,15 @@ To consider the population of *historical predictions* for creating the dynamic
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}
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```
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If this value is set, `FreqAI` will initially use the predictions from the training data and subsequently begin introducing real prediction data as it is generated. `FreqAI` will save this historical data to be reloaded if you stop and restart a model with the same `identifier`.
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If this value is set, FreqAI will initially use the predictions from the training data and subsequently begin introducing real prediction data as it is generated. FreqAI will save this historical data to be reloaded if you stop and restart a model with the same `identifier`.
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## Using different prediction models
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`FreqAI` has multiple example prediction model libraries that are ready to be used as is via the flag `--freqaimodel`. These libraries include `Catboost`, `LightGBM`, and `XGBoost` regression, classification, and multi-target models, and can be found in `freqai/prediction_models/`. However, it is possible to customize and create your own prediction models using the `IFreqaiModel` class. You are encouraged to inherit `fit()`, `train()`, and `predict()` to let these customize various aspects of the training procedures.
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FreqAI has multiple example prediction model libraries that are ready to be used as is via the flag `--freqaimodel`. These libraries include `Catboost`, `LightGBM`, and `XGBoost` regression, classification, and multi-target models, and can be found in `freqai/prediction_models/`. However, it is possible to customize and create your own prediction models using the `IFreqaiModel` class. You are encouraged to inherit `fit()`, `train()`, and `predict()` to let these customize various aspects of the training procedures.
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### Setting classifier targets
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`FreqAI` includes a variety of classifiers, such as the `CatboostClassifier` via the flag `--freqaimodel CatboostClassifier`. If you elects to use a classifier, the classes need to be set using strings. For example:
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FreqAI includes a variety of classifiers, such as the `CatboostClassifier` via the flag `--freqaimodel CatboostClassifier`. If you elects to use a classifier, the classes need to be set using strings. For example:
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```python
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df['&s-up_or_down'] = np.where( df["close"].shift(-100) > df["close"], 'up', 'down')
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## Project architecture
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The architecture and functions of `FreqAI` are generalized to encourages development of unique features, functions, models, etc.
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The architecture and functions of FreqAI are generalized to encourages development of unique features, functions, models, etc.
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The class structure and a detailed algorithmic overview is depicted in the following diagram:
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As shown, there are three distinct objects comprising `FreqAI`:
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As shown, there are three distinct objects comprising FreqAI:
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* **IFreqaiModel** - A singular persistent object containing all the necessary logic to collect, store, and process data, engineer features, run training, and inference models.
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* **FreqaiDataKitchen** - A non-persistent object which is created uniquely for each unique asset/model. Beyond metadata, it also contains a variety of data processing tools.
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@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ There are a variety of built-in [prediction models](freqai-configuration.md#usin
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## Data handling
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`FreqAI` aims to organize model files, prediction data, and meta data in a way that simplifies post-processing and enhances crash resilience by automatic data reloading. The data is saved in a file structure,`user_data_dir/models/`, which contains all the data associated with the trainings and backtests. The `FreqaiDataKitchen()` relies heavily on the file structure for proper training and inferencing and should therefore not be manually modified.
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FreqAI aims to organize model files, prediction data, and meta data in a way that simplifies post-processing and enhances crash resilience by automatic data reloading. The data is saved in a file structure,`user_data_dir/models/`, which contains all the data associated with the trainings and backtests. The `FreqaiDataKitchen()` relies heavily on the file structure for proper training and inferencing and should therefore not be manually modified.
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### File structure
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ The file structure is automatically generated based on the model `identifier` se
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| Structure | Description |
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|-----------|-------------|
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| `config_*.json` | A copy of the model specific configuration file. |
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| `historic_predictions.pkl` | A file containing all historic predictions generated during the lifetime of the `identifier` model during live deployment. `historic_predictions.pkl` is used to reload the model after a crash or a config change. A backup file is always held in case of corruption on the main file.`FreqAI`**automatically** detects corruption and replaces the corrupted file with the backup. |
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| `historic_predictions.pkl` | A file containing all historic predictions generated during the lifetime of the `identifier` model during live deployment. `historic_predictions.pkl` is used to reload the model after a crash or a config change. A backup file is always held in case of corruption on the main file. FreqAI **automatically** detects corruption and replaces the corrupted file with the backup. |
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| `pair_dictionary.json` | A file containing the training queue as well as the on disk location of the most recently trained model. |
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| `sub-train-*_TIMESTAMP` | A folder containing all the files associated with a single model, such as: <br>
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|| `*_metadata.json` - Metadata for the model, such as normalization max/min, expected training feature list, etc. <br>
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Low level feature engineering is performed in the user strategy within a function called `populate_any_indicators()`. That function sets the `base features` such as, `RSI`, `MFI`, `EMA`, `SMA`, time of day, volume, etc. The `base features` can be custom indicators or they can be imported from any technical-analysis library that you can find. One important syntax rule is that all `base features` string names are prepended with `%`, while labels/targets are prepended with `&`.
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Meanwhile, high level feature engineering is handled within `"feature_parameters":{}` in the `FreqAI` config. Within this file, it is possible to decide large scale feature expansions on top of the `base_features` such as "including correlated pairs" or "including informative timeframes" or even "including recent candles."
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Meanwhile, high level feature engineering is handled within `"feature_parameters":{}` in the FreqAI config. Within this file, it is possible to decide large scale feature expansions on top of the `base_features` such as "including correlated pairs" or "including informative timeframes" or even "including recent candles."
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It is advisable to start from the template `populate_any_indicators()` in the source provided example strategy (found in `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py`) to ensure that the feature definitions are following the correct conventions. Here is an example of how to set the indicators and labels in the strategy:
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@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ The `include_timeframes` in the config above are the timeframes (`tf`) of each c
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You can ask for each of the defined features to be included also for informative pairs using the `include_corr_pairlist`. This means that the feature set will include all the features from `populate_any_indicators` on all the `include_timeframes` for each of the correlated pairs defined in the config (`ETH/USD`, `LINK/USD`, and `BNB/USD` in the presented example).
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`include_shifted_candles` indicates the number of previous candles to include in the feature set. For example, `include_shifted_candles: 2` tells `FreqAI` to include the past 2 candles for each of the features in the feature set.
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`include_shifted_candles` indicates the number of previous candles to include in the feature set. For example, `include_shifted_candles: 2` tells FreqAI to include the past 2 candles for each of the features in the feature set.
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In total, the number of features the user of the presented example strat has created is: length of `include_timeframes` * no. features in `populate_any_indicators()` * length of `include_corr_pairlist` * no. `include_shifted_candles` * length of `indicator_periods_candles`
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$= 3 * 3 * 3 * 2 * 2 = 108$.
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@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ In total, the number of features the user of the presented example strat has cre
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Important metrics can be returned to the strategy at the end of each model training by assigning them to `dk.data['extra_returns_per_train']['my_new_value'] = XYZ` inside the custom prediction model class.
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`FreqAI` takes the `my_new_value` assigned in this dictionary and expands it to fit the dataframe that is returned to the strategy. You can then use the returned metrics in your strategy through `dataframe['my_new_value']`. An example of how return values can be used in `FreqAI` are the `&*_mean` and `&*_std` values that are used to [created a dynamic target threshold](freqai-configuration.md#creating-a-dynamic-target-threshold).
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FreqAI takes the `my_new_value` assigned in this dictionary and expands it to fit the dataframe that is returned to the strategy. You can then use the returned metrics in your strategy through `dataframe['my_new_value']`. An example of how return values can be used in FreqAI are the `&*_mean` and `&*_std` values that are used to [created a dynamic target threshold](freqai-configuration.md#creating-a-dynamic-target-threshold).
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Another example, where the user wants to use live metrics from the trade database, is shown below:
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@ -141,15 +141,15 @@ Another example, where the user wants to use live metrics from the trade databas
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}
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```
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You need to set the standard dictionary in the config so that `FreqAI` can return proper dataframe shapes. These values will likely be overridden by the prediction model, but in the case where the model has yet to set them, or needs a default initial value, the pre-set values are what will be returned.
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You need to set the standard dictionary in the config so that FreqAI can return proper dataframe shapes. These values will likely be overridden by the prediction model, but in the case where the model has yet to set them, or needs a default initial value, the pre-set values are what will be returned.
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## Feature normalization
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`FreqAI` is strict when it comes to data normalization. The train features, $X^{train}$, are always normalized to [-1, 1] using a shifted min-max normalization:
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FreqAI is strict when it comes to data normalization. The train features, $X^{train}$, are always normalized to [-1, 1] using a shifted min-max normalization:
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$$X^{train}_{norm} = 2 * \frac{X^{train} - X^{train}.min()}{X^{train}.max() - X^{train}.min()} - 1$$
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All other data (test data and unseen prediction data in dry/live/backtest) is always automatically normalized to the training feature space according to industry standards. `FreqAI` stores all the metadata required to ensure that test and prediction features will be properly normalized and that predictions are properly denormalized. For this reason, it is not recommended to eschew industry standards and modify `FreqAI` internals - however - advanced users can do so by inheriting `train()` in their custom `IFreqaiModel` and using their own normalization functions.
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All other data (test data and unseen prediction data in dry/live/backtest) is always automatically normalized to the training feature space according to industry standards. FreqAI stores all the metadata required to ensure that test and prediction features will be properly normalized and that predictions are properly denormalized. For this reason, it is not recommended to eschew industry standards and modify FreqAI internals - however - advanced users can do so by inheriting `train()` in their custom `IFreqaiModel` and using their own normalization functions.
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## Data dimensionality reduction with Principal Component Analysis
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@ -169,17 +169,17 @@ This will perform PCA on the features and reduce their dimensionality so that th
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The `inlier_metric` is a metric aimed at quantifying how similar a the features of a data point are to the most recent historic data points.
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You define the lookback window by setting `inlier_metric_window` and `FreqAI` computes the distance between the present time point and each of the previous `inlier_metric_window` lookback points. A Weibull function is fit to each of the lookback distributions and its cumulative distribution function (CDF) is used to produce a quantile for each lookback point. The `inlier_metric` is then computed for each time point as the average of the corresponding lookback quantiles. The figure below explains the concept for an `inlier_metric_window` of 5.
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You define the lookback window by setting `inlier_metric_window` and FreqAI computes the distance between the present time point and each of the previous `inlier_metric_window` lookback points. A Weibull function is fit to each of the lookback distributions and its cumulative distribution function (CDF) is used to produce a quantile for each lookback point. The `inlier_metric` is then computed for each time point as the average of the corresponding lookback quantiles. The figure below explains the concept for an `inlier_metric_window` of 5.
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`FreqAI` adds the `inlier_metric` to the training features and hence gives the model access to a novel type of temporal information.
|
||||
FreqAI adds the `inlier_metric` to the training features and hence gives the model access to a novel type of temporal information.
|
||||
|
||||
This function does **not** remove outliers from the data set.
|
||||
|
||||
## Weighting features for temporal importance
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` allows you to set a `weight_factor` to weight recent data more strongly than past data via an exponential function:
|
||||
FreqAI allows you to set a `weight_factor` to weight recent data more strongly than past data via an exponential function:
|
||||
|
||||
$$ W_i = \exp(\frac{-i}{\alpha*n}) $$
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -189,13 +189,13 @@ where $W_i$ is the weight of data point $i$ in a total set of $n$ data points. B
|
|||
|
||||
## Outlier detection
|
||||
|
||||
Equity and crypto markets suffer from a high level of non-patterned noise in the form of outlier data points. `FreqAI` implements a variety of methods to identify such outliers and hence mitigate risk.
|
||||
Equity and crypto markets suffer from a high level of non-patterned noise in the form of outlier data points. FreqAI implements a variety of methods to identify such outliers and hence mitigate risk.
|
||||
|
||||
### Identifying outliers with the Dissimilarity Index (DI)
|
||||
|
||||
The Dissimilarity Index (DI) aims to quantify the uncertainty associated with each prediction made by the model.
|
||||
|
||||
You can tell `FreqAI` to remove outlier data points from the training/test data sets using the DI by including the following statement in the config:
|
||||
You can tell FreqAI to remove outlier data points from the training/test data sets using the DI by including the following statement in the config:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"freqai": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ You can tell `FreqAI` to remove outlier data points from the training/test data
|
|||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The DI allows predictions which are outliers (not existent in the model feature space) to be thrown out due to low levels of certainty. To do so, `FreqAI` measures the distance between each training data point (feature vector), $X_{a}$, and all other training data points:
|
||||
The DI allows predictions which are outliers (not existent in the model feature space) to be thrown out due to low levels of certainty. To do so, FreqAI measures the distance between each training data point (feature vector), $X_{a}$, and all other training data points:
|
||||
|
||||
$$ d_{ab} = \sqrt{\sum_{j=1}^p(X_{a,j}-X_{b,j})^2} $$
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ Below is a figure that describes the DI for a 3D data set.
|
|||
|
||||
### Identifying outliers using a Support Vector Machine (SVM)
|
||||
|
||||
You can tell `FreqAI` to remove outlier data points from the training/test data sets using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) by including the following statement in the config:
|
||||
You can tell FreqAI to remove outlier data points from the training/test data sets using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) by including the following statement in the config:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"freqai": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ You can tell `FreqAI` to remove outlier data points from the training/test data
|
|||
|
||||
The SVM will be trained on the training data and any data point that the SVM deems to be beyond the feature space will be removed.
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` uses `sklearn.linear_model.SGDOneClassSVM` (details are available on scikit-learn's webpage [here](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.SGDOneClassSVM.html) (external website)) and you can elect to provide additional parameters for the SVM, such as `shuffle`, and `nu`.
|
||||
FreqAI uses `sklearn.linear_model.SGDOneClassSVM` (details are available on scikit-learn's webpage [here](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.SGDOneClassSVM.html) (external website)) and you can elect to provide additional parameters for the SVM, such as `shuffle`, and `nu`.
|
||||
|
||||
The parameter `shuffle` is by default set to `False` to ensure consistent results. If it is set to `True`, running the SVM multiple times on the same data set might result in different outcomes due to `max_iter` being to low for the algorithm to reach the demanded `tol`. Increasing `max_iter` solves this issue but causes the procedure to take longer time.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ The parameter `nu`, *very* broadly, is the amount of data points that should be
|
|||
|
||||
### Identifying outliers with DBSCAN
|
||||
|
||||
You can configure `FreqAI` to use DBSCAN to cluster and remove outliers from the training/test data set or incoming outliers from predictions, by activating `use_DBSCAN_to_remove_outliers` in the config:
|
||||
You can configure FreqAI to use DBSCAN to cluster and remove outliers from the training/test data set or incoming outliers from predictions, by activating `use_DBSCAN_to_remove_outliers` in the config:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"freqai": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -265,4 +265,4 @@ Given a number of data points $N$, and a distance $\varepsilon$, DBSCAN clusters
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` uses `sklearn.cluster.DBSCAN` (details are available on scikit-learn's webpage [here](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cluster.DBSCAN.html) (external website)) with `min_samples` ($N$) taken as 1/4 of the no. of time points (candles) in the feature set. `eps` ($\varepsilon$) is computed automatically as the elbow point in the *k-distance graph* computed from the nearest neighbors in the pairwise distances of all data points in the feature set.
|
||||
FreqAI uses `sklearn.cluster.DBSCAN` (details are available on scikit-learn's webpage [here](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cluster.DBSCAN.html) (external website)) with `min_samples` ($N$) taken as 1/4 of the no. of time points (candles) in the feature set. `eps` ($\varepsilon$) is computed automatically as the elbow point in the *k-distance graph* computed from the nearest neighbors in the pairwise distances of all data points in the feature set.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
|
|||
# Parameter table
|
||||
|
||||
The table below will list all configuration parameters available for `FreqAI`. Some of the parameters are exemplified in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`.
|
||||
The table below will list all configuration parameters available for FreqAI. Some of the parameters are exemplified in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`.
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory parameters are marked as **Required** and have to be set in one of the suggested ways.
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Description |
|
||||
|------------|-------------|
|
||||
| | **General configuration parameters**
|
||||
| `freqai` | **Required.** <br> The parent dictionary containing all the parameters for controlling `FreqAI`. <br> **Datatype:** Dictionary.
|
||||
| `freqai` | **Required.** <br> The parent dictionary containing all the parameters for controlling FreqAI. <br> **Datatype:** Dictionary.
|
||||
| `train_period_days` | **Required.** <br> Number of days to use for the training data (width of the sliding window). <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `backtest_period_days` | **Required.** <br> Number of days to inference from the trained model before sliding the `train_period_days` window defined above, and retraining the model during backtesting (more info [here](freqai-running.md#backtesting)). This can be fractional days, but beware that the provided `timerange` will be divided by this number to yield the number of trainings necessary to complete the backtest. <br> **Datatype:** Float.
|
||||
| `identifier` | **Required.** <br> A unique ID for the current model. If models are saved to disk, the `identifier` allows for reloading specific pre-trained models/data. <br> **Datatype:** String.
|
||||
|
|
@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ Mandatory parameters are marked as **Required** and have to be set in one of the
|
|||
| | **Feature parameters**
|
||||
| `feature_parameters` | A dictionary containing the parameters used to engineer the feature set. Details and examples are shown [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md). <br> **Datatype:** Dictionary.
|
||||
| `include_timeframes` | A list of timeframes that all indicators in `populate_any_indicators` will be created for. The list is added as features to the base indicators dataset. <br> **Datatype:** List of timeframes (strings).
|
||||
| `include_corr_pairlist` | A list of correlated coins that `FreqAI` will add as additional features to all `pair_whitelist` coins. All indicators set in `populate_any_indicators` during feature engineering (see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md)) will be created for each correlated coin. The correlated coins features are added to the base indicators dataset. <br> **Datatype:** List of assets (strings).
|
||||
| `include_corr_pairlist` | A list of correlated coins that FreqAI will add as additional features to all `pair_whitelist` coins. All indicators set in `populate_any_indicators` during feature engineering (see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md)) will be created for each correlated coin. The correlated coins features are added to the base indicators dataset. <br> **Datatype:** List of assets (strings).
|
||||
| `label_period_candles` | Number of candles into the future that the labels are created for. This is used in `populate_any_indicators` (see `templates/FreqaiExampleStrategy.py` for detailed usage). You can create custom labels and choose whether to make use of this parameter or not. <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `include_shifted_candles` | Add features from previous candles to subsequent candles with the intent of adding historical information. If used, `FreqAI` will duplicate and shift all features from the `include_shifted_candles` previous candles so that the information is available for the subsequent candle. <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `include_shifted_candles` | Add features from previous candles to subsequent candles with the intent of adding historical information. If used, FreqAI will duplicate and shift all features from the `include_shifted_candles` previous candles so that the information is available for the subsequent candle. <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `weight_factor` | Weight training data points according to their recency (see details [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#weighting-features-for-temporal-importance)). <br> **Datatype:** Positive float (typically < 1).
|
||||
| `indicator_max_period_candles` | **No longer used (#7325)**. Replaced by `startup_candle_count` which is set in the [strategy](freqai-configuration.md#building-a-freqai-strategy). `startup_candle_count` is timeframe independent and defines the maximum *period* used in `populate_any_indicators()` for indicator creation. `FreqAI` uses this parameter together with the maximum timeframe in `include_time_frames` to calculate how many data points to download such that the first data point does not include a NaN. <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `indicator_max_period_candles` | **No longer used (#7325)**. Replaced by `startup_candle_count` which is set in the [strategy](freqai-configuration.md#building-a-freqai-strategy). `startup_candle_count` is timeframe independent and defines the maximum *period* used in `populate_any_indicators()` for indicator creation. FreqAI uses this parameter together with the maximum timeframe in `include_time_frames` to calculate how many data points to download such that the first data point does not include a NaN. <br> **Datatype:** Positive integer.
|
||||
| `indicator_periods_candles` | Time periods to calculate indicators for. The indicators are added to the base indicator dataset. <br> **Datatype:** List of positive integers.
|
||||
| `principal_component_analysis` | Automatically reduce the dimensionality of the data set using Principal Component Analysis. See details about how it works [here](#reducing-data-dimensionality-with-principal-component-analysis) <br> **Datatype:** Boolean. <br> Default: `False`.
|
||||
| `plot_feature_importances` | Create a feature importance plot for each model for the top/bottom `plot_feature_importances` number of features. <br> **Datatype:** Integer. <br> Default: `0`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ Mandatory parameters are marked as **Required** and have to be set in one of the
|
|||
| `use_SVM_to_remove_outliers` | Train a support vector machine to detect and remove outliers from the training dataset, as well as from incoming data points. See details about how it works [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-using-a-support-vector-machine-svm). <br> **Datatype:** Boolean.
|
||||
| `svm_params` | All parameters available in Sklearn's `SGDOneClassSVM()`. See details about some select parameters [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-using-a-support-vector-machine-svm). <br> **Datatype:** Dictionary.
|
||||
| `use_DBSCAN_to_remove_outliers` | Cluster data using the DBSCAN algorithm to identify and remove outliers from training and prediction data. See details about how it works [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-dbscan). <br> **Datatype:** Boolean.
|
||||
| `inlier_metric_window` | If set, `FreqAI` adds an `inlier_metric` to the training feature set and set the lookback to be the `inlier_metric_window`, i.e., the number of previous time points to compare the current candle to. Details of how the `inlier_metric` is computed can be found [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#inlier-metric). <br> **Datatype:** Integer. <br> Default: `0`.
|
||||
| `noise_standard_deviation` | If set, `FreqAI` adds noise to the training features with the aim of preventing overfitting. `FreqAI` generates random deviates from a gaussian distribution with a standard deviation of `noise_standard_deviation` and adds them to all data points. `noise_standard_deviation` should be kept relative to the normalized space, i.e., between -1 and 1. In other words, since data in `FreqAI` is always normalized to be between -1 and 1, `noise_standard_deviation: 0.05` would result in 32% of the data being randomly increased/decreased by more than 2.5% (i.e., the percent of data falling within the first standard deviation). <br> **Datatype:** Integer. <br> Default: `0`.
|
||||
| `outlier_protection_percentage` | Enable to prevent outlier detection methods from discarding too much data. If more than `outlier_protection_percentage` % of points are detected as outliers by the SVM or DBSCAN, `FreqAI` will log a warning message and ignore outlier detection, i.e., the original dataset will be kept intact. If the outlier protection is triggered, no predictions will be made based on the training dataset. <br> **Datatype:** Float. <br> Default: `30`.
|
||||
| `inlier_metric_window` | If set, FreqAI adds an `inlier_metric` to the training feature set and set the lookback to be the `inlier_metric_window`, i.e., the number of previous time points to compare the current candle to. Details of how the `inlier_metric` is computed can be found [here](freqai-feature-engineering.md#inlier-metric). <br> **Datatype:** Integer. <br> Default: `0`.
|
||||
| `noise_standard_deviation` | If set, FreqAI adds noise to the training features with the aim of preventing overfitting. FreqAI generates random deviates from a gaussian distribution with a standard deviation of `noise_standard_deviation` and adds them to all data points. `noise_standard_deviation` should be kept relative to the normalized space, i.e., between -1 and 1. In other words, since data in FreqAI is always normalized to be between -1 and 1, `noise_standard_deviation: 0.05` would result in 32% of the data being randomly increased/decreased by more than 2.5% (i.e., the percent of data falling within the first standard deviation). <br> **Datatype:** Integer. <br> Default: `0`.
|
||||
| `outlier_protection_percentage` | Enable to prevent outlier detection methods from discarding too much data. If more than `outlier_protection_percentage` % of points are detected as outliers by the SVM or DBSCAN, FreqAI will log a warning message and ignore outlier detection, i.e., the original dataset will be kept intact. If the outlier protection is triggered, no predictions will be made based on the training dataset. <br> **Datatype:** Float. <br> Default: `30`.
|
||||
| `reverse_train_test_order` | Split the feature dataset (see below) and use the latest data split for training and test on historical split of the data. This allows the model to be trained up to the most recent data point, while avoiding overfitting. However, you should be careful to understand the unorthodox nature of this parameter before employing it. <br> **Datatype:** Boolean. <br> Default: `False` (no reversal).
|
||||
| | **Data split parameters**
|
||||
| `data_split_parameters` | Include any additional parameters available from Scikit-learn `test_train_split()`, which are shown [here](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.model_selection.train_test_split.html) (external website). <br> **Datatype:** Dictionary.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# Running `FreqAI`
|
||||
# Running FreqAI
|
||||
|
||||
There are two ways to train and deploy an adaptive machine learning model - live deployment and historical backtesting. In both cases, `FreqAI` runs/simulates periodic retraining of models as shown in the following figure:
|
||||
There are two ways to train and deploy an adaptive machine learning model - live deployment and historical backtesting. In both cases, FreqAI runs/simulates periodic retraining of models as shown in the following figure:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Live deployments
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` can be run dry/live using the following command:
|
||||
FreqAI can be run dry/live using the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
freqtrade trade --strategy FreqaiExampleStrategy --config config_freqai.example.json --freqaimodel LightGBMRegressor
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
When launched, `FreqAI` will start training a new model, with a new `identifier`, based on the config settings. Following training, the model will be used to make predictions on incoming candles until a new model is available. New models are typically generated as often as possible, with `FreqAI` managing an internal queue of the coin pairs to try to keep all models equally up to date. `FreqAI` will always use the most recently trained model to make predictions on incoming live data. If you do not want `FreqAI` to retrain new models as often as possible, you can set `live_retrain_hours` to tell `FreqAI` to wait at least that number of hours before training a new model. Additionally, you can set `expired_hours` to tell `FreqAI` to avoid making predictions on models that are older than that number of hours.
|
||||
When launched, FreqAI will start training a new model, with a new `identifier`, based on the config settings. Following training, the model will be used to make predictions on incoming candles until a new model is available. New models are typically generated as often as possible, with FreqAI managing an internal queue of the coin pairs to try to keep all models equally up to date. FreqAI will always use the most recently trained model to make predictions on incoming live data. If you do not want FreqAI to retrain new models as often as possible, you can set `live_retrain_hours` to tell FreqAI to wait at least that number of hours before training a new model. Additionally, you can set `expired_hours` to tell FreqAI to avoid making predictions on models that are older than that number of hours.
|
||||
|
||||
Trained models are by default saved to disk to allow for reuse during backtesting or after a crash. You can opt to [purge old models](#purging-old-model-data) to save disk space by setting `"purge_old_models": true` in the config.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ To start a dry/live run from a saved backtest model (or from a previously crashe
|
|||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In this case, although `FreqAI` will initiate with a pre-trained model, it will still check to see how much time has elapsed since the model was trained. If a full `live_retrain_hours` has elapsed since the end of the loaded model, `FreqAI` will start training a new model.
|
||||
In this case, although FreqAI will initiate with a pre-trained model, it will still check to see how much time has elapsed since the model was trained. If a full `live_retrain_hours` has elapsed since the end of the loaded model, FreqAI will start training a new model.
|
||||
|
||||
### Automatic data download
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` automatically downloads the proper amount of data needed to ensure training of a model through the defined `train_period_days` and `startup_candle_count` (see the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md) for detailed descriptions of these parameters).
|
||||
FreqAI automatically downloads the proper amount of data needed to ensure training of a model through the defined `train_period_days` and `startup_candle_count` (see the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md) for detailed descriptions of these parameters).
|
||||
|
||||
### Saving prediction data
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ All predictions made during the lifetime of a specific `identifier` model are st
|
|||
|
||||
### Purging old model data
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` stores new model files after each successful training. These files become obsolete as new models are generated to adapt to new market conditions. If you are planning to leave `FreqAI` running for extended periods of time with high frequency retraining, you should enable `purge_old_models` in the config:
|
||||
FreqAI stores new model files after each successful training. These files become obsolete as new models are generated to adapt to new market conditions. If you are planning to leave FreqAI running for extended periods of time with high frequency retraining, you should enable `purge_old_models` in the config:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"freqai": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -49,20 +49,20 @@ This will automatically purge all models older than the two most recently traine
|
|||
|
||||
## Backtesting
|
||||
|
||||
The `FreqAI` backtesting module can be executed with the following command:
|
||||
The FreqAI backtesting module can be executed with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
freqtrade backtesting --strategy FreqaiExampleStrategy --strategy-path freqtrade/templates --config config_examples/config_freqai.example.json --freqaimodel LightGBMRegressor --timerange 20210501-20210701
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If this command has never been executed with the existing config file, `FreqAI` will train a new model
|
||||
If this command has never been executed with the existing config file, FreqAI will train a new model
|
||||
for each pair, for each backtesting window within the expanded `--timerange`.
|
||||
|
||||
Backtesting mode requires [downloading the necessary data](#downloading-data-to-cover-the-full-backtest-period) before deployment (unlike in dry/live mode where `FreqAI` handles the data downloading automatically). You should be careful to consider that the time range of the downloaded data is more than the backtesting time range. This is because `FreqAI` needs data prior to the desired backtesting time range in order to train a model to be ready to make predictions on the first candle of the set backtesting time range. More details on how to calculate the data to download can be found [here](#deciding-the-size-of-the-sliding-training-window-and-backtesting-duration).
|
||||
Backtesting mode requires [downloading the necessary data](#downloading-data-to-cover-the-full-backtest-period) before deployment (unlike in dry/live mode where FreqAI handles the data downloading automatically). You should be careful to consider that the time range of the downloaded data is more than the backtesting time range. This is because FreqAI needs data prior to the desired backtesting time range in order to train a model to be ready to make predictions on the first candle of the set backtesting time range. More details on how to calculate the data to download can be found [here](#deciding-the-size-of-the-sliding-training-window-and-backtesting-duration).
|
||||
|
||||
!!! Note "Model reuse"
|
||||
Once the training is completed, you can execute the backtesting again with the same config file and
|
||||
`FreqAI` will find the trained models and load them instead of spending time training. This is useful
|
||||
FreqAI will find the trained models and load them instead of spending time training. This is useful
|
||||
if you want to tweak (or even hyperopt) buy and sell criteria inside the strategy. If you
|
||||
*want* to retrain a new model with the same config file, you should simply change the `identifier`.
|
||||
This way, you can return to using any model you wish by simply specifying the `identifier`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -71,31 +71,31 @@ Backtesting mode requires [downloading the necessary data](#downloading-data-to-
|
|||
|
||||
### Saving prediction data
|
||||
|
||||
To allow for tweaking your strategy (**not** the features!), `FreqAI` will automatically save the predictions during backtesting so that they can be reused for future backtests and live runs using the same `identifier` model. This provides a performance enhancement geared towards enabling **high-level hyperopting** of entry/exit criteria.
|
||||
To allow for tweaking your strategy (**not** the features!), FreqAI will automatically save the predictions during backtesting so that they can be reused for future backtests and live runs using the same `identifier` model. This provides a performance enhancement geared towards enabling **high-level hyperopting** of entry/exit criteria.
|
||||
|
||||
An additional directory called `predictions`, which contains all the predictions stored in `hdf` format, will be created in the `unique-id` folder.
|
||||
|
||||
To change your **features**, you **must** set a new `identifier` in the config to signal to `FreqAI` to train new models.
|
||||
To change your **features**, you **must** set a new `identifier` in the config to signal to FreqAI to train new models.
|
||||
|
||||
To save the models generated during a particular backtest so that you can start a live deployment from one of them instead of training a new model, you must set `save_backtest_models` to `True` in the config.
|
||||
|
||||
### Downloading data to cover the full backtest period
|
||||
|
||||
For live/dry deployments, `FreqAI` will download the necessary data automatically. However, to use backtesting functionality, you need to download the necessary data using `download-data` (details [here](data-download.md#data-downloading)). You need to pay careful attention to understanding how much *additional* data needs to be downloaded to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of training data *before* the start of the backtesting time range. The amount of additional data can be roughly estimated by moving the start date of the time range backwards by `train_period_days` and the `startup_candle_count` (see the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md) for detailed descriptions of these parameters) from the beginning of the desired backtesting time range.
|
||||
For live/dry deployments, FreqAI will download the necessary data automatically. However, to use backtesting functionality, you need to download the necessary data using `download-data` (details [here](data-download.md#data-downloading)). You need to pay careful attention to understanding how much *additional* data needs to be downloaded to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of training data *before* the start of the backtesting time range. The amount of additional data can be roughly estimated by moving the start date of the time range backwards by `train_period_days` and the `startup_candle_count` (see the [parameter table](freqai-parameter-table.md) for detailed descriptions of these parameters) from the beginning of the desired backtesting time range.
|
||||
|
||||
As an example, to backtest the `--timerange 20210501-20210701` using the [example config](freqai-configuration.md#setting-up-the-configuration-file) which sets `train_period_days` to 30, together with `startup_candle_count: 40` on a maximum `include_timeframes` of 1h, the start date for the downloaded data needs to be `20210501` - 30 days - 40 * 1h / 24 hours = 20210330 (31.7 days earlier than the start of the desired training time range).
|
||||
|
||||
### Deciding the size of the sliding training window and backtesting duration
|
||||
|
||||
The backtesting time range is defined with the typical `--timerange` parameter in the configuration file. The duration of the sliding training window is set by `train_period_days`, whilst `backtest_period_days` is the sliding backtesting window, both in number of days (`backtest_period_days` can be
|
||||
a float to indicate sub-daily retraining in live/dry mode). In the presented [example config](freqai-configuration.md#setting-up-the-configuration-file) (found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`), the user is asking `FreqAI` to use a training period of 30 days and backtest on the subsequent 7 days. After the training of the model, `FreqAI` will backtest the subsequent 7 days. The "sliding window" then moves one week forward (emulating `FreqAI` retraining once per week in live mode) and the new model uses the previous 30 days (including the 7 days used for backtesting by the previous model) to train. This is repeated until the end of `--timerange`. This means that if you set `--timerange 20210501-20210701`, `FreqAI` will have trained 8 separate models at the end of `--timerange` (because the full range comprises 8 weeks).
|
||||
a float to indicate sub-daily retraining in live/dry mode). In the presented [example config](freqai-configuration.md#setting-up-the-configuration-file) (found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`), the user is asking FreqAI to use a training period of 30 days and backtest on the subsequent 7 days. After the training of the model, FreqAI will backtest the subsequent 7 days. The "sliding window" then moves one week forward (emulating FreqAI retraining once per week in live mode) and the new model uses the previous 30 days (including the 7 days used for backtesting by the previous model) to train. This is repeated until the end of `--timerange`. This means that if you set `--timerange 20210501-20210701`, FreqAI will have trained 8 separate models at the end of `--timerange` (because the full range comprises 8 weeks).
|
||||
|
||||
!!! Note
|
||||
Although fractional `backtest_period_days` is allowed, you should be aware that the `--timerange` is divided by this value to determine the number of models that `FreqAI` will need to train in order to backtest the full range. For example, by setting a `--timerange` of 10 days, and a `backtest_period_days` of 0.1, `FreqAI` will need to train 100 models per pair to complete the full backtest. Because of this, a true backtest of `FreqAI` adaptive training would take a *very* long time. The best way to fully test a model is to run it dry and let it train constantly. In this case, backtesting would take the exact same amount of time as a dry run.
|
||||
Although fractional `backtest_period_days` is allowed, you should be aware that the `--timerange` is divided by this value to determine the number of models that FreqAI will need to train in order to backtest the full range. For example, by setting a `--timerange` of 10 days, and a `backtest_period_days` of 0.1, FreqAI will need to train 100 models per pair to complete the full backtest. Because of this, a true backtest of FreqAI adaptive training would take a *very* long time. The best way to fully test a model is to run it dry and let it train constantly. In this case, backtesting would take the exact same amount of time as a dry run.
|
||||
|
||||
## Defining model expirations
|
||||
|
||||
During dry/live mode, `FreqAI` trains each coin pair sequentially (on separate threads/GPU from the main Freqtrade bot). This means that there is always an age discrepancy between models. If you are training on 50 pairs, and each pair requires 5 minutes to train, the oldest model will be over 4 hours old. This may be undesirable if the characteristic time scale (the trade duration target) for a strategy is less than 4 hours. You can decide to only make trade entries if the model is less than a certain number of hours old by setting the `expiration_hours` in the config file:
|
||||
During dry/live mode, FreqAI trains each coin pair sequentially (on separate threads/GPU from the main Freqtrade bot). This means that there is always an age discrepancy between models. If you are training on 50 pairs, and each pair requires 5 minutes to train, the oldest model will be over 4 hours old. This may be undesirable if the characteristic time scale (the trade duration target) for a strategy is less than 4 hours. You can decide to only make trade entries if the model is less than a certain number of hours old by setting the `expiration_hours` in the config file:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"freqai": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ In the presented example config, the user will only allow predictions on models
|
|||
|
||||
## Controlling the model learning process
|
||||
|
||||
Model training parameters are unique to the selected machine learning library. `FreqAI` allows you to set any parameter for any library using the `model_training_parameters` dictionary in the config. The example config (found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`) shows some of the example parameters associated with `Catboost` and `LightGBM`, but you can add any parameters available in those libraries or any other machine learning library you choose to implement.
|
||||
Model training parameters are unique to the selected machine learning library. FreqAI allows you to set any parameter for any library using the `model_training_parameters` dictionary in the config. The example config (found in `config_examples/config_freqai.example.json`) shows some of the example parameters associated with `Catboost` and `LightGBM`, but you can add any parameters available in those libraries or any other machine learning library you choose to implement.
|
||||
|
||||
Data split parameters are defined in `data_split_parameters` which can be any parameters associated with Scikit-learn's `train_test_split()` function. `train_test_split()` has a parameters called `shuffle` which allows to shuffle the data or keep it unshuffled. This is particularly useful to avoid biasing training with temporally auto-correlated data. More details about these parameters can be found the [Scikit-learn website](https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.model_selection.train_test_split.html) (external website).
|
||||
|
||||
The `FreqAI` specific parameter `label_period_candles` defines the offset (number of candles into the future) used for the `labels`. In the presented [example config](freqai-configuration.md#setting-up-the-configuration-file), the user is asking for `labels` that are 24 candles in the future.
|
||||
The FreqAI specific parameter `label_period_candles` defines the offset (number of candles into the future) used for the `labels`. In the presented [example config](freqai-configuration.md#setting-up-the-configuration-file), the user is asking for `labels` that are 24 candles in the future.
|
||||
|
||||
## Continual learning
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -125,15 +125,15 @@ You can hyperopt using the same command as for [typical Freqtrade hyperopt](hype
|
|||
freqtrade hyperopt --hyperopt-loss SharpeHyperOptLoss --strategy FreqaiExampleStrategy --freqaimodel LightGBMRegressor --strategy-path freqtrade/templates --config config_examples/config_freqai.example.json --timerange 20220428-20220507
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`hyperopt` requires you to have the data pre-downloaded in the same fashion as if you were doing [backtesting](#backtesting). In addition, you must consider some restrictions when trying to hyperopt `FreqAI` strategies:
|
||||
`hyperopt` requires you to have the data pre-downloaded in the same fashion as if you were doing [backtesting](#backtesting). In addition, you must consider some restrictions when trying to hyperopt FreqAI strategies:
|
||||
|
||||
- The `--analyze-per-epoch` hyperopt parameter is not compatible with `FreqAI`.
|
||||
- The `--analyze-per-epoch` hyperopt parameter is not compatible with FreqAI.
|
||||
- It's not possible to hyperopt indicators in the `populate_any_indicators()` function. This means that you cannot optimize model parameters using hyperopt. Apart from this exception, it is possible to optimize all other [spaces](hyperopt.md#running-hyperopt-with-smaller-search-space).
|
||||
- The backtesting instructions also apply to hyperopt.
|
||||
|
||||
The best method for combining hyperopt and `FreqAI` is to focus on hyperopting entry/exit thresholds/criteria. You need to focus on hyperopting parameters that are not used in your features. For example, you should not try to hyperopt rolling window lengths in the feature creation, or any part of the `FreqAI` config which changes predictions. In order to efficiently hyperopt the `FreqAI` strategy, `FreqAI` stores predictions as dataframes and reuses them. Hence the requirement to hyperopt entry/exit thresholds/criteria only.
|
||||
The best method for combining hyperopt and FreqAI is to focus on hyperopting entry/exit thresholds/criteria. You need to focus on hyperopting parameters that are not used in your features. For example, you should not try to hyperopt rolling window lengths in the feature creation, or any part of the FreqAI config which changes predictions. In order to efficiently hyperopt the FreqAI strategy, FreqAI stores predictions as dataframes and reuses them. Hence the requirement to hyperopt entry/exit thresholds/criteria only.
|
||||
|
||||
A good example of a hyperoptable parameter in `FreqAI` is a threshold for the [Dissimilarity Index (DI)](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di) `DI_values` beyond which we consider data points as outliers:
|
||||
A good example of a hyperoptable parameter in FreqAI is a threshold for the [Dissimilarity Index (DI)](freqai-feature-engineering.md#identifying-outliers-with-the-dissimilarity-index-di) `DI_values` beyond which we consider data points as outliers:
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
di_max = IntParameter(low=1, high=20, default=10, space='buy', optimize=True, load=True)
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
# `FreqAI`
|
||||
# FreqAI
|
||||
|
||||
## Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` is a software designed to automate a variety of tasks associated with training a predictive machine learning model to generate market forecasts given a set of input features.
|
||||
FreqAI is a software designed to automate a variety of tasks associated with training a predictive machine learning model to generate market forecasts given a set of input features.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Features include:
|
|||
|
||||
## Quick start
|
||||
|
||||
The easiest way to quickly test `FreqAI` is to run it in dry mode with the following command:
|
||||
The easiest way to quickly test FreqAI is to run it in dry mode with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
freqtrade trade --config config_examples/config_freqai.example.json --strategy FreqaiExampleStrategy --freqaimodel LightGBMRegressor --strategy-path freqtrade/templates
|
||||
|
|
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ An example strategy, prediction model, and config to use as a starting points ca
|
|||
|
||||
## General approach
|
||||
|
||||
You provide `FreqAI` with a set of custom *base indicators* (the same way as in a [typical Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md)) as well as target values (*labels*). For each pair in the whitelist, `FreqAI` trains a model to predict the target values based on the input of custom indicators. The models are then consistently retrained, with a predetermined frequency, to adapt to market conditions. `FreqAI` offers the ability to both backtest strategies (emulating reality with periodic retraining on historic data) and deploy dry/live runs. In dry/live conditions, `FreqAI` can be set to constant retraining in a background thread to keep models as up to date as possible.
|
||||
You provide FreqAI with a set of custom *base indicators* (the same way as in a [typical Freqtrade strategy](strategy-customization.md)) as well as target values (*labels*). For each pair in the whitelist, FreqAI trains a model to predict the target values based on the input of custom indicators. The models are then consistently retrained, with a predetermined frequency, to adapt to market conditions. FreqAI offers the ability to both backtest strategies (emulating reality with periodic retraining on historic data) and deploy dry/live runs. In dry/live conditions, FreqAI can be set to constant retraining in a background thread to keep models as up to date as possible.
|
||||
|
||||
An overview of the algorithm, explaining the data processing pipeline and model usage, is shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ An overview of the algorithm, explaining the data processing pipeline and model
|
|||
|
||||
### Important machine learning vocabulary
|
||||
|
||||
**Features** - the parameters, based on historic data, on which a model is trained. All features for a single candle are stored as a vector. In `FreqAI`, you build a feature data set from anything you can construct in the strategy.
|
||||
**Features** - the parameters, based on historic data, on which a model is trained. All features for a single candle are stored as a vector. In FreqAI, you build a feature data set from anything you can construct in the strategy.
|
||||
|
||||
**Labels** - the target values that the model is trained toward. Each feature vector is associated with a single label that is defined by you within the strategy. These labels intentionally look into the future and are what you are training the model to be able to predict.
|
||||
|
||||
**Training** - the process of "teaching" the model to match the feature sets to the associated labels. Different types of models "learn" in different ways which means that one might be better than another for a specific application. More information about the different models that are already implemented in `FreqAI` can be found [here](freqai-configuration.md#using-different-prediction-models).
|
||||
**Training** - the process of "teaching" the model to match the feature sets to the associated labels. Different types of models "learn" in different ways which means that one might be better than another for a specific application. More information about the different models that are already implemented in FreqAI can be found [here](freqai-configuration.md#using-different-prediction-models).
|
||||
|
||||
**Train data** - a subset of the feature data set that is fed to the model during training to "teach" the model how to predict the targets. This data directly influences weight connections in the model.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ An overview of the algorithm, explaining the data processing pipeline and model
|
|||
|
||||
## Install prerequisites
|
||||
|
||||
The normal Freqtrade install process will ask if you wish to install `FreqAI` dependencies. You should reply "yes" to this question if you wish to use `FreqAI`. If you did not reply yes, you can manually install these dependencies after the install with:
|
||||
The normal Freqtrade install process will ask if you wish to install FreqAI dependencies. You should reply "yes" to this question if you wish to use FreqAI. If you did not reply yes, you can manually install these dependencies after the install with:
|
||||
|
||||
``` bash
|
||||
pip install -r requirements-freqai.txt
|
||||
|
|
@ -70,18 +70,18 @@ pip install -r requirements-freqai.txt
|
|||
|
||||
### Usage with docker
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using docker, a dedicated tag with `FreqAI` dependencies is available as `:freqai`. As such - you can replace the image line in your docker-compose file with `image: freqtradeorg/freqtrade:develop_freqai`. This image contains the regular `FreqAI` dependencies. Similar to native installs, Catboost will not be available on ARM based devices.
|
||||
If you are using docker, a dedicated tag with FreqAI dependencies is available as `:freqai`. As such - you can replace the image line in your docker-compose file with `image: freqtradeorg/freqtrade:develop_freqai`. This image contains the regular FreqAI dependencies. Similar to native installs, Catboost will not be available on ARM based devices.
|
||||
|
||||
## Common pitfalls
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` cannot be combined with dynamic `VolumePairlists` (or any pairlist filter that adds and removes pairs dynamically).
|
||||
This is for performance reasons - `FreqAI` relies on making quick predictions/retrains. To do this effectively,
|
||||
it needs to download all the training data at the beginning of a dry/live instance. `FreqAI` stores and appends
|
||||
new candles automatically for future retrains. This means that if new pairs arrive later in the dry run due to a volume pairlist, it will not have the data ready. However, `FreqAI` does work with the `ShufflePairlist` or a `VolumePairlist` which keeps the total pairlist constant (but reorders the pairs according to volume).
|
||||
FreqAI cannot be combined with dynamic `VolumePairlists` (or any pairlist filter that adds and removes pairs dynamically).
|
||||
This is for performance reasons - FreqAI relies on making quick predictions/retrains. To do this effectively,
|
||||
it needs to download all the training data at the beginning of a dry/live instance. FreqAI stores and appends
|
||||
new candles automatically for future retrains. This means that if new pairs arrive later in the dry run due to a volume pairlist, it will not have the data ready. However, FreqAI does work with the `ShufflePairlist` or a `VolumePairlist` which keeps the total pairlist constant (but reorders the pairs according to volume).
|
||||
|
||||
## Credits
|
||||
|
||||
`FreqAI` is developed by a group of individuals who all contribute specific skillsets to the project.
|
||||
FreqAI is developed by a group of individuals who all contribute specific skillsets to the project.
|
||||
|
||||
Conception and software development:
|
||||
Robert Caulk @robcaulk
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue