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Update strategy-customization documentation

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Matthias 2020-08-08 17:24:19 +02:00
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docs/strategy-customization.md
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@ -58,12 +58,12 @@ file as reference.**
!!! Note "Strategies and Backtesting"
To avoid problems and unexpected differences between Backtesting and dry/live modes, please be aware
that during backtesting the full time-interval is passed to the `populate_*()` methods at once.
that during backtesting the full time range is passed to the `populate_*()` methods at once.
It is therefore best to use vectorized operations (across the whole dataframe, not loops) and
avoid index referencing (`df.iloc[-1]`), but instead use `df.shift()` to get to the previous candle.
!!! Warning "Warning: Using future data"
Since backtesting passes the full time interval to the `populate_*()` methods, the strategy author
Since backtesting passes the full time range to the `populate_*()` methods, the strategy author
needs to take care to avoid having the strategy utilize data from the future.
Some common patterns for this are listed in the [Common Mistakes](#common-mistakes-when-developing-strategies) section of this document.
@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ minimal_roi = {
While technically not completely disabled, this would sell once the trade reaches 10000% Profit.
To use times based on candle duration (timeframe), the following snippet can be handy.
This will allow you to change the ticket_interval for the strategy, and ROI times will still be set as candles (e.g. after 3 candles ...)
This will allow you to change the timeframe for the strategy, and ROI times will still be set as candles (e.g. after 3 candles ...)
``` python
from freqtrade.exchange import timeframe_to_minutes
@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ If your exchange supports it, it's recommended to also set `"stoploss_on_exchang
For more information on order_types please look [here](configuration.md#understand-order_types).
### Timeframe (ticker interval)
### Timeframe (formerly ticker interval)
This is the set of candles the bot should download and use for the analysis.
Common values are `"1m"`, `"5m"`, `"15m"`, `"1h"`, however all values supported by your exchange should work.
@ -333,10 +333,10 @@ class Awesomestrategy(IStrategy):
#### Get data for non-tradeable pairs
Data for additional, informative pairs (reference pairs) can be beneficial for some strategies.
Ohlcv data for these pairs will be downloaded as part of the regular whitelist refresh process and is available via `DataProvider` just as other pairs (see below).
OHLCV data for these pairs will be downloaded as part of the regular whitelist refresh process and is available via `DataProvider` just as other pairs (see below).
These parts will **not** be traded unless they are also specified in the pair whitelist, or have been selected by Dynamic Whitelisting.
The pairs need to be specified as tuples in the format `("pair", "interval")`, with pair as the first and time interval as the second argument.
The pairs need to be specified as tuples in the format `("pair", "timeframe")`, with pair as the first and timeframe as the second argument.
Sample:
@ -349,8 +349,8 @@ def informative_pairs(self):
!!! Warning
As these pairs will be refreshed as part of the regular whitelist refresh, it's best to keep this list short.
All intervals and all pairs can be specified as long as they are available (and active) on the used exchange.
It is however better to use resampling to longer time-intervals when possible
All timeframes and all pairs can be specified as long as they are available (and active) on the used exchange.
It is however better to use resampling to longer timeframes whenever possible
to avoid hammering the exchange with too many requests and risk being blocked.
***
@ -363,10 +363,14 @@ All methods return `None` in case of failure (do not raise an exception).
Please always check the mode of operation to select the correct method to get data (samples see below).
!!! Warning "Hyperopt"
Dataprovider is available during hyperopt, however it can only be used in `populate_indicators()`.
It is not available in `populate_buy()` and `populate_sell()` methods.
### Possible options for DataProvider
- [`available_pairs`](#available_pairs) - Property with tuples listing cached pairs with their intervals (pair, interval).
- [`current_whitelist()`](#current_whitelist) - Returns a current list of whitelisted pairs. Useful for accessing dynamic whitelists (ie. VolumePairlist)
- [`available_pairs`](#available_pairs) - Property with tuples listing cached pairs with their timeframe (pair, timeframe).
- [`current_whitelist()`](#current_whitelist) - Returns a current list of whitelisted pairs. Useful for accessing dynamic whitelists (i.e. VolumePairlist)
- [`get_pair_dataframe(pair, timeframe)`](#get_pair_dataframepair-timeframe) - This is a universal method, which returns either historical data (for backtesting) or cached live data (for the Dry-Run and Live-Run modes).
- [`get_analyzed_dataframe(pair, timeframe)`](#get_analyzed_dataframepair-timeframe) - Returns the analyzed dataframe (after calling `populate_indicators()`, `populate_buy()`, `populate_sell()`) and the time of the latest analysis.
- `historic_ohlcv(pair, timeframe)` - Returns historical data stored on disk.
@ -401,13 +405,6 @@ Since we can't resample our data we will have to use an informative pair; and si
This is where calling `self.dp.current_whitelist()` comes in handy.
```python
class SampleStrategy(IStrategy):
# strategy init stuff...
timeframe = '5m'
# more strategy init stuff..
def informative_pairs(self):
# get access to all pairs available in whitelist.
@ -415,44 +412,6 @@ class SampleStrategy(IStrategy):
# Assign tf to each pair so they can be downloaded and cached for strategy.
informative_pairs = [(pair, '1d') for pair in pairs]
return informative_pairs
def populate_indicators(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
inf_tf = '1d'
# Get the informative pair
informative = self.dp.get_pair_dataframe(pair=metadata['pair'], timeframe=inf_tf)
# Get the 14 day rsi
informative['rsi'] = ta.RSI(informative, timeperiod=14)
# Rename columns to be unique
informative.columns = [f"{col}_{inf_tf}" for col in informative.columns]
# Assuming inf_tf = '1d' - then the columns will now be:
# date_1d, open_1d, high_1d, low_1d, close_1d, rsi_1d
# Combine the 2 dataframes
# all indicators on the informative sample MUST be calculated before this point
dataframe = pd.merge(dataframe, informative, left_on='date', right_on=f'date_{inf_tf}', how='left')
# FFill to have the 1d value available in every row throughout the day.
# Without this, comparisons would only work once per day.
dataframe = dataframe.ffill()
# Calculate rsi of the original dataframe (5m timeframe)
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
# Do other stuff
# ...
return dataframe
def populate_buy_trend(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe.loc[
(
(qtpylib.crossed_above(dataframe['rsi'], 30)) & # Signal: RSI crosses above 30
(dataframe['rsi_1d'] < 30) & # Ensure daily RSI is < 30
(dataframe['volume'] > 0) # Ensure this candle had volume (important for backtesting)
),
'buy'] = 1
```
### *get_pair_dataframe(pair, timeframe)*
@ -479,7 +438,7 @@ It can also be used in specific callbacks to get the signal that caused the acti
# fetch current dataframe
if self.dp:
dataframe, last_updated = self.dp.get_analyzed_dataframe(pair=metadata['pair'],
timeframe=self.ticker_interval)
timeframe=self.timeframe)
```
!!! Note "No data available"
@ -516,6 +475,74 @@ if self.dp:
does not always fills in the `last` field (so it can be None), etc. So you need to carefully verify the ticker
data returned from the exchange and add appropriate error handling / defaults.
!!! Warning "Warning about backtesting"
This method will always return up-to-date values - so usage during backtesting / hyperopt will lead to wrong results.
### Complete Data-provider sample
```python
class SampleStrategy(IStrategy):
# strategy init stuff...
timeframe = '5m'
# more strategy init stuff..
def informative_pairs(self):
# get access to all pairs available in whitelist.
pairs = self.dp.current_whitelist()
# Assign tf to each pair so they can be downloaded and cached for strategy.
informative_pairs = [(pair, '1d') for pair in pairs]
# Optionally Add additional "static" pairs
informative_pairs += [("ETH/USDT", "5m"),
("BTC/TUSD", "15m"),
]
return informative_pairs
def populate_indicators(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
if not self.dp:
# Don't do anything if DataProvider is not available.
return dataframe
inf_tf = '1d'
# Get the informative pair
informative = self.dp.get_pair_dataframe(pair=metadata['pair'], timeframe=inf_tf)
# Get the 14 day rsi
informative['rsi'] = ta.RSI(informative, timeperiod=14)
# Rename columns to be unique
informative.columns = [f"{col}_{inf_tf}" for col in informative.columns]
# Assuming inf_tf = '1d' - then the columns will now be:
# date_1d, open_1d, high_1d, low_1d, close_1d, rsi_1d
# Combine the 2 dataframes
# all indicators on the informative sample MUST be calculated before this point
dataframe = pd.merge(dataframe, informative, left_on='date', right_on=f'date_{inf_tf}', how='left')
# FFill to have the 1d value available in every row throughout the day.
# Without this, comparisons would only work once per day.
dataframe = dataframe.ffill()
# Calculate rsi of the original dataframe (5m timeframe)
dataframe['rsi'] = ta.RSI(dataframe, timeperiod=14)
# Do other stuff
# ...
return dataframe
def populate_buy_trend(self, dataframe: DataFrame, metadata: dict) -> DataFrame:
dataframe.loc[
(
(qtpylib.crossed_above(dataframe['rsi'], 30)) & # Signal: RSI crosses above 30
(dataframe['rsi_1d'] < 30) & # Ensure daily RSI is < 30
(dataframe['volume'] > 0) # Ensure this candle had volume (important for backtesting)
),
'buy'] = 1
```
***
## Additional data (Wallets)